wzy_79 發表於 2012-9-5 20:21:50

【止痛藥】

<P align=center><STRONG><FONT size=5>【<FONT color=red>止痛藥</FONT>】<BR><BR></P></FONT></STRONG>
<P><STRONG>止痛藥(一位藥物化學博士撰寫)11/27/2007</STRONG></P>
<P><STRONG>&nbsp;</STRONG></P>
<P><STRONG>人體內部出現問題時,會發出的警報。疼痛是警報聲的一種。就像你家的爐灶上的食物煮過頭導致煙霧彌漫,smoke detector會發出尖叫聲。</STRONG></P>
<P><STRONG>&nbsp;</STRONG></P>
<P><STRONG>這時候有兩種解決方式:一種是把smoke detector的電池卸了;一種是把爐灶的火關了、把食物挪開。</STRONG></P>
<P><STRONG>&nbsp;</STRONG></P>
<P><STRONG>如果只卸電池而不去關火,雖然沒有了銳耳的尖叫,最後的結局可能是整個屋子都被燒毀。</STRONG></P>
<P><STRONG>&nbsp;</STRONG></P>
<P><STRONG>同樣,解決疼痛有兩種方式。</STRONG></P>
<P><STRONG>&nbsp;</STRONG></P>
<P><STRONG>一種是麻木神經,類似卸電池的作法;另外一種是找出疼痛的原因,直接解決病灶。</STRONG></P>
<P><STRONG>&nbsp;<BR>西藥中的止痛藥有許多不同的名稱,總的來講分以下幾種類型。</STRONG></P>
<P><STRONG>&nbsp;<BR>一種是鴉片類(Opiates and morphinomimetics)。Morphine, Oxycontin等均屬這類。</STRONG></P>
<P><STRONG>&nbsp;</STRONG></P>
<P><STRONG>這類藥止痛效果非常強。</STRONG></P>
<P><STRONG>&nbsp;</STRONG></P>
<P><STRONG>它們直接作用於大腦中樞神經系統的阿片受體(opioid receptors),切斷對疼痛的感應。由于這種止痛完全是麻痹神經,并不直接作用於病灶,所以一旦過了藥效,疼痛又會回來。</STRONG></P>
<P><STRONG>&nbsp;</STRONG></P>
<P><STRONG>病人必須繼續服用才能止痛。腸胃系統也有阿片受體,所以服用鴉片類止痛藥會出現噁心、嘔吐、便秘、疲乏等副作用。另外,鴉片類止痛藥具有成癮性,是屬於嚴格控制的西藥。</STRONG></P>
<P><STRONG>&nbsp;</STRONG></P>
<P><STRONG>另一種是非類固醇類抗炎藥(non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, 簡稱NSAIDs)。Asprin(阿司匹林),Ibuprophen(芬必得,布洛芬), Celebrex等等屬于此類。</STRONG></P>
<P><STRONG>&nbsp;</STRONG></P>
<P><STRONG>這類止痛藥的作用機制是抑制一種名叫COX(cyclooxygenase)的酶,具有消炎作用。可是這類藥最明顯的副作用就是對腸胃道的損傷。胃潰瘍是最常見的副作用。</STRONG></P>
<P><STRONG>&nbsp;</STRONG></P>
<P><STRONG>Celebrex雖然對腸胃道的副作用似有減輕,但是對心臟的影響還處在很大的爭議當中。<BR><BR>Acetaminophen (乙酰氨基酚),因為它沒有明顯的消炎作用,嚴格來講不屬于NSAIDs。</STRONG></P>
<P><STRONG>&nbsp;</STRONG></P>
<P><STRONG>乙酰氨基酚最常見的商品名為Tylenol(泰諾),是目前最普遍的非處方藥之一。</STRONG></P>
<P><STRONG>&nbsp;</STRONG></P>
<P><STRONG>它的止痛機理至今善未完全清楚。因為是非處方藥,許多人認識它的毒性不大。</STRONG></P>
<P><STRONG>&nbsp;</STRONG></P>
<P><STRONG>可是,乙酰氨基酚中毒是目前在美國和英國導致急性肝臟衰竭(acute liver failure)的第一因素。尤其是Tylenol跟酒一起服用的時候,肝毒性非常之大!</STRONG></P>
<P><STRONG>&nbsp;</STRONG></P>
<P><STRONG>甚至有些人利用大劑量的Tylenol(泰諾)來自殺。</STRONG></P>
<P><STRONG>&nbsp;</STRONG></P>
<P><STRONG>另外,還有一些止痛藥是幾種單一藥的組合,比如 Lortab是hydrocodone和acetaminophen的組合。</STRONG></P>
<P><BR><STRONG>肝是藥物代謝(解毒)的器官。藥物的代謝產物或隨著膽汁從大便排出,或進入血液循環系統到腎臟從尿液排出。<BR><BR>大部分西藥都是合成出來的非天然物,在肝臟和腎臟看來,都是需要排出體外的毒素(foreign substances)。</STRONG></P>
<P><STRONG>&nbsp;</STRONG></P>
<P><STRONG>所以西藥對於肝腎都是負擔,會有不同程度的傷肝傷腎作用。</STRONG></P>
<P><STRONG>&nbsp;</STRONG></P>
<P><STRONG>當你對止痛藥有一定程度的了解時,你是否還敢繼續吃呢? </STRONG></P>
<P><STRONG>&nbsp;</STRONG></P>
<P><STRONG>感冒、頭痛、月經痛、關節痛,竟然用同樣的止痛藥!</STRONG></P>
<P><BR><STRONG>當你看到中醫是怎麼治疼痛之後,你就知道用西藥止痛是多麼的簡陋粗糙。</STRONG></P>
<P><STRONG>&nbsp;<BR>中醫有一種最有效的止痛方法,連藥都不需要,幾根銀針就解決了,怎麼可能有副作用呢。對於疼痛的針灸治療,中醫的診斷可比西醫細致多了。</STRONG></P>
<P><STRONG>&nbsp;<BR>光是一個頭痛就分前額痛、偏頭痛、頭頂痛和後項痛,根據疼痛的部位選取相應的穴位。同樣是腰痛,環腰痛、上下痛、定點痛、脊柱痛,又是不同的穴位。</STRONG></P>
<P><STRONG>&nbsp;<BR>甚至痛的時間長短,也關系到穴位的選取。</STRONG></P>
<P><STRONG>&nbsp;<BR>而針灸對疼痛的效果,用“立竿見影”絕不為過。許多痛症,單用針灸就可痊愈了。</STRONG></P>
<P><STRONG>&nbsp;<BR>像感冒引起的身痛頭痛,麻桂葛用對了,通常是一劑下去感冒就好了,當然身痛頭痛随之而去。</STRONG></P>
<P><BR><STRONG>有些疼痛,除了針灸以外,主力在中藥,例如關節痛。中醫的辯證與不分寒熱的西醫有天壤之別。</STRONG></P>
<P><STRONG>&nbsp;<BR>靠celebrex止痛的類風濕性關節炎,老師用極熱的烏頭**湯,不僅病人的痛去掉,連巫婆手都變回到纖纖玉指!</STRONG></P>
<P><STRONG>&nbsp;<BR>痛風兼關節炎的病人痛到只能坐輪椅,**附子湯的威力足以讓他從輪椅上站起來!</STRONG></P>
<P><BR><STRONG>治療月經痛,又有其相應的辯證、取穴和處方。<BR><BR>因为是治其根,治好了之後,就不用吃藥扎針了。<BR><BR>可是,靠芬必得止痛經的女子,絕不可能吃了一次芬必得,以後來月經就不痛了。</STRONG></P>
<P><BR><STRONG>至于中藥會不會有副作用,那就看你的中醫師會不會用藥。</STRONG></P>
<P><STRONG>&nbsp;<BR>老師還得用中藥幫病人治療吃西藥引起的腎衰竭、肝損傷和癌症呢,哪有閑工夫去研究製造腎衰竭肝中毒的中藥呢。</STRONG></P>
<P><STRONG>&nbsp;</STRONG></P><STRONG>
<P><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: Arial; COLOR: blue; FONT-SIZE: 14pt">Table 1. </SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: SimSun; COLOR: blue; FONT-SIZE: 14pt">常用止痛西藥</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: SimSun; COLOR: rgb(51,102,255); FONT-SIZE: 14pt"></SPAN></P>
<P>
<TABLE style="BORDER-LEFT: medium none; BORDER-COLLAPSE: collapse; BORDER-TOP: medium none; BORDER-RIGHT: medium none" border=1 cellSpacing=0 cellPadding=0>
<TBODY>
<TR style="HEIGHT: 11pt">
<TD style="BACKGROUND-COLOR: transparent; BORDER-TOP-COLOR: rgb(212,208,200); HEIGHT: 11pt; BORDER-RIGHT-COLOR: rgb(212,208,200); BORDER-LEFT-COLOR: rgb(212,208,200)" vAlign=top colSpan=7>
<P><SPAN><SPAN><FONT face="Times New Roman">&nbsp; </FONT></SPAN></SPAN></P></TD></TR>
<TR style="HEIGHT: 15pt">
<TD style="BORDER-LEFT: windowtext 1pt solid; BACKGROUND-COLOR: transparent; BORDER-TOP-COLOR: rgb(212,208,200); HEIGHT: 15pt; BORDER-RIGHT: windowtext 1pt solid" vAlign=top colSpan=2>
<P><SPAN><FONT face="Times New Roman"><SPAN>&nbsp;</SPAN><SPAN>&nbsp;</SPAN></FONT></SPAN><FONT size=4><SPAN>品</SPAN><SPAN><SPAN><FONT face="Times New Roman">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </FONT></SPAN></SPAN><SPAN>名</SPAN></FONT></P></TD>
<TD style="BACKGROUND-COLOR: transparent; BORDER-TOP-COLOR: rgb(212,208,200); HEIGHT: 15pt; BORDER-LEFT-COLOR: rgb(212,208,200); BORDER-RIGHT: windowtext 1pt solid" vAlign=top>
<P><FONT size=4><SPAN><FONT face="Times New Roman"><SPAN>&nbsp;</SPAN><SPAN>&nbsp;</SPAN><SPAN>&nbsp;</SPAN><SPAN>&nbsp;</SPAN></FONT></SPAN><SPAN>成</SPAN><SPAN><SPAN><FONT face="Times New Roman">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </FONT></SPAN></SPAN><SPAN>份</SPAN><FONT face="Times New Roman"> <SPAN>&nbsp;</SPAN></FONT></FONT></P></TD>
<TD style="BACKGROUND-COLOR: transparent; BORDER-TOP-COLOR: rgb(212,208,200); HEIGHT: 15pt; BORDER-LEFT-COLOR: rgb(212,208,200); BORDER-RIGHT: windowtext 1pt solid" vAlign=top colSpan=2>
<P><FONT size=4><SPAN>常</SPAN><FONT face="Times New Roman"> <SPAN>&nbsp;</SPAN></FONT><SPAN>用</SPAN><FONT face="Times New Roman"> <SPAN>&nbsp;</SPAN><SPAN>&nbsp;</SPAN></FONT><SPAN>於</SPAN></FONT></P></TD>
<TD style="BACKGROUND-COLOR: transparent; BORDER-TOP-COLOR: rgb(212,208,200); HEIGHT: 15pt; BORDER-LEFT-COLOR: rgb(212,208,200); BORDER-RIGHT: windowtext 1pt solid" vAlign=top colSpan=2>
<P><FONT size=4><SPAN><FONT face="Times New Roman"><SPAN>&nbsp;</SPAN><SPAN>&nbsp;</SPAN></FONT></SPAN><SPAN>副</SPAN><SPAN><FONT face="Times New Roman"><SPAN>&nbsp; </SPAN><SPAN>&nbsp;</SPAN><SPAN>&nbsp;</SPAN></FONT></SPAN><SPAN>作</SPAN><SPAN><SPAN><FONT face="Times New Roman">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </FONT></SPAN></SPAN><SPAN>用</SPAN></FONT></P></TD></TR>
<TR>
<TD style="BORDER-LEFT: windowtext 1pt solid; BACKGROUND-COLOR: transparent; BORDER-TOP: windowtext 1pt solid; BORDER-RIGHT: windowtext 1pt solid">
<P><SPAN><FONT size=4 face="Times New Roman">Anacin<BR>Bayer<BR>Bufferin<BR>Ecotrin</FONT></SPAN></P></TD>
<TD style="BACKGROUND-COLOR: transparent; BORDER-LEFT-COLOR: rgb(212,208,200); BORDER-TOP: windowtext 1pt solid; BORDER-RIGHT: windowtext 1pt solid" colSpan=3>
<P><FONT size=4><SPAN><FONT face="Times New Roman">Aspirin</FONT></SPAN><SPAN>(阿司匹林)</SPAN></FONT></P>
<P><SPAN><FONT size=4></FONT></SPAN>&nbsp;</P></TD>
<TD style="BACKGROUND-COLOR: transparent; BORDER-LEFT-COLOR: rgb(212,208,200); BORDER-TOP: windowtext 1pt solid; BORDER-RIGHT: windowtext 1pt solid" colSpan=2>
<P><SPAN><FONT size=4>肌肉痛</FONT></SPAN></P>
<P><SPAN><FONT size=4>頭痛</FONT></SPAN></P>
<P><SPAN><FONT size=4>感冒</FONT></SPAN></P>
<P><SPAN><FONT size=4>一般疼痛</FONT></SPAN></P></TD>
<TD style="BACKGROUND-COLOR: transparent; BORDER-LEFT-COLOR: rgb(212,208,200); BORDER-TOP: windowtext 1pt solid; BORDER-RIGHT: windowtext 1pt solid">
<P><SPAN><FONT size=4>哮喘</FONT></SPAN><SPAN><BR></SPAN><SPAN><FONT size=4>胃潰瘍</FONT></SPAN><SPAN><BR></SPAN><FONT size=4><SPAN>雷氏症侯群(</SPAN><SPAN><A href="http://www.ninds.nih.gov/disorders/reyes_syndrome/reyes_syndrome.htm" target=_blank><FONT color=#0000ff><FONT face="Times New Roman">Reye</FONT><SPAN><SPAN>’</SPAN></SPAN><FONT face="Times New Roman">s Syndrome</FONT></FONT></A></SPAN><SPAN>)</SPAN></FONT></P></TD></TR>
<TR>
<TD style="BORDER-LEFT: windowtext 1pt solid; BACKGROUND-COLOR: transparent; BORDER-TOP-COLOR: rgb(212,208,200); BORDER-RIGHT: windowtext 1pt solid">
<P><FONT size=4><SPAN><FONT face="Times New Roman">Anacin non<BR>Excedrin<BR>Tylenol</FONT></SPAN><SPAN>(泰諾)</SPAN></FONT></P></TD>
<TD style="BACKGROUND-COLOR: transparent; BORDER-TOP-COLOR: rgb(212,208,200); BORDER-LEFT-COLOR: rgb(212,208,200); BORDER-RIGHT: windowtext 1pt solid" colSpan=3>
<P><SPAN><FONT size=4 face="Times New Roman">Acetaminophen</FONT></SPAN></P>
<P><FONT size=4><SPAN><FONT face="Times New Roman">(</FONT></SPAN><SPAN>乙酰氨基酚</SPAN><SPAN><FONT face="Times New Roman">)</FONT></SPAN></FONT></P></TD>
<TD style="BACKGROUND-COLOR: transparent; BORDER-TOP-COLOR: rgb(212,208,200); BORDER-LEFT-COLOR: rgb(212,208,200); BORDER-RIGHT: windowtext 1pt solid" colSpan=2>
<P><SPAN><FONT size=4>發燒</FONT></SPAN></P>
<P><SPAN><FONT size=4>頭痛</FONT></SPAN></P>
<P><SPAN><FONT size=4>關節炎</FONT></SPAN></P></TD>
<TD style="BACKGROUND-COLOR: transparent; BORDER-TOP-COLOR: rgb(212,208,200); BORDER-LEFT-COLOR: rgb(212,208,200); BORDER-RIGHT: windowtext 1pt solid">
<P><SPAN><FONT size=4>肝臟衰竭</FONT></SPAN></P>
<P><SPAN><FONT size=4></FONT></SPAN>&nbsp;</P></TD></TR>
<TR>
<TD style="BORDER-LEFT: windowtext 1pt solid; BACKGROUND-COLOR: transparent; BORDER-TOP-COLOR: rgb(212,208,200); BORDER-RIGHT: windowtext 1pt solid">
<P><SPAN><FONT size=4 face="Times New Roman">Advil<BR>Motrin<BR>Nuprin</FONT></SPAN></P></TD>
<TD style="BACKGROUND-COLOR: transparent; BORDER-TOP-COLOR: rgb(212,208,200); BORDER-LEFT-COLOR: rgb(212,208,200); BORDER-RIGHT: windowtext 1pt solid" colSpan=3>
<P><SPAN><FONT size=4 face="Times New Roman">Ibuprophen</FONT></SPAN></P>
<P><FONT size=4><SPAN><FONT face="Times New Roman">(</FONT></SPAN><SPAN>芬必得,布洛芬</SPAN><SPAN><FONT face="Times New Roman">)</FONT></SPAN></FONT></P></TD>
<TD style="BACKGROUND-COLOR: transparent; BORDER-TOP-COLOR: rgb(212,208,200); BORDER-LEFT-COLOR: rgb(212,208,200); BORDER-RIGHT: windowtext 1pt solid" colSpan=2>
<P><SPAN><FONT size=4>頭痛</FONT></SPAN></P>
<P><SPAN><FONT size=4>牙痛</FONT></SPAN></P>
<P><SPAN><FONT size=4>月經痛</FONT></SPAN></P>
<P><SPAN><FONT size=4>感冒發燒</FONT></SPAN></P>
<P><SPAN><FONT size=4>肌肉酸痛</FONT></SPAN></P></TD>
<TD style="BACKGROUND-COLOR: transparent; BORDER-TOP-COLOR: rgb(212,208,200); BORDER-LEFT-COLOR: rgb(212,208,200); BORDER-RIGHT: windowtext 1pt solid">
<P><SPAN><FONT size=4>胃潰瘍</FONT></SPAN></P>
<P><SPAN><FONT size=4>哮喘</FONT></SPAN></P></TD></TR>
<TR>
<TD style="BORDER-LEFT: windowtext 1pt solid; BACKGROUND-COLOR: transparent; BORDER-TOP-COLOR: rgb(212,208,200); BORDER-RIGHT: windowtext 1pt solid">
<P><SPAN><FONT size=4 face="Times New Roman">Aleve<BR>Naproxen</FONT></SPAN></P></TD>
<TD style="BACKGROUND-COLOR: transparent; BORDER-TOP-COLOR: rgb(212,208,200); BORDER-LEFT-COLOR: rgb(212,208,200); BORDER-RIGHT: windowtext 1pt solid" colSpan=3>
<P><SPAN><FONT size=4 face="Times New Roman">naproxen sodium</FONT></SPAN></P>
<P><SPAN><FONT size=4>(納普生鈉)</FONT></SPAN></P></TD>
<TD style="BACKGROUND-COLOR: transparent; BORDER-TOP-COLOR: rgb(212,208,200); BORDER-LEFT-COLOR: rgb(212,208,200); BORDER-RIGHT: windowtext 1pt solid" colSpan=2>
<P><SPAN><FONT size=4>關節肌肉痛</FONT></SPAN></P></TD>
<TD style="BACKGROUND-COLOR: transparent; BORDER-TOP-COLOR: rgb(212,208,200); BORDER-LEFT-COLOR: rgb(212,208,200); BORDER-RIGHT: windowtext 1pt solid">
<P><SPAN><FONT size=4>胃潰瘍</FONT></SPAN></P>
<P><SPAN><FONT size=4>心臟損傷</FONT></SPAN></P></TD></TR>
<TR>
<TD style="BORDER-LEFT: windowtext 1pt solid; BACKGROUND-COLOR: transparent; BORDER-TOP-COLOR: rgb(212,208,200); BORDER-RIGHT: windowtext 1pt solid">
<P><SPAN><FONT size=4 face="Times New Roman">Celebrex</FONT></SPAN></P></TD>
<TD style="BACKGROUND-COLOR: transparent; BORDER-TOP-COLOR: rgb(212,208,200); BORDER-LEFT-COLOR: rgb(212,208,200); BORDER-RIGHT: windowtext 1pt solid" colSpan=3>
<P><SPAN><FONT size=4 face="Times New Roman">Celecoxib</FONT></SPAN></P>
<P><SPAN><FONT size=4>(塞來昔布)</FONT></SPAN></P></TD>
<TD style="BACKGROUND-COLOR: transparent; BORDER-TOP-COLOR: rgb(212,208,200); BORDER-LEFT-COLOR: rgb(212,208,200); BORDER-RIGHT: windowtext 1pt solid" colSpan=2>
<P><SPAN><FONT size=4>關節炎</FONT></SPAN></P>
<P><SPAN><FONT size=4>類風濕性關節炎</FONT></SPAN></P></TD>
<TD style="BACKGROUND-COLOR: transparent; BORDER-TOP-COLOR: rgb(212,208,200); BORDER-LEFT-COLOR: rgb(212,208,200); BORDER-RIGHT: windowtext 1pt solid">
<P><SPAN><FONT size=4>噁心,下利</FONT></SPAN></P>
<P><SPAN><FONT size=4>火燒心</FONT></SPAN></P>
<P><FONT size=4><SPAN><FONT face="Times New Roman">2007</FONT></SPAN><SPAN>年</SPAN><SPAN><FONT face="Times New Roman">2</FONT></SPAN><SPAN>月美國心臟協會發出警告</SPAN><SPAN><FONT face="Times New Roman">: celecoxib should be used </FONT><A href="http://www.cnbc.com/id/17349356" target=_blank><FONT color=#0000ff face="Times New Roman">"as a last resort on patients who have heart disease or a risk of developing it"</FONT></A></SPAN></FONT></P></TD></TR>
<TR>
<TD style="BORDER-LEFT: windowtext 1pt solid; BACKGROUND-COLOR: transparent; BORDER-TOP-COLOR: rgb(212,208,200); BORDER-RIGHT: windowtext 1pt solid">
<P><SPAN><FONT size=4 face="Times New Roman">Oxycontin</FONT></SPAN></P></TD>
<TD style="BACKGROUND-COLOR: transparent; BORDER-TOP-COLOR: rgb(212,208,200); BORDER-LEFT-COLOR: rgb(212,208,200); BORDER-RIGHT: windowtext 1pt solid" colSpan=3>
<P><SPAN><FONT size=4 face="Times New Roman">Oxycodone HCl</FONT></SPAN></P></TD>
<TD style="BACKGROUND-COLOR: transparent; BORDER-TOP-COLOR: rgb(212,208,200); BORDER-LEFT-COLOR: rgb(212,208,200); BORDER-RIGHT: windowtext 1pt solid" colSpan=2>
<P><SPAN><FONT size=4>癌症引起的疼痛</FONT></SPAN></P></TD>
<TD style="BACKGROUND-COLOR: transparent; BORDER-TOP-COLOR: rgb(212,208,200); BORDER-LEFT-COLOR: rgb(212,208,200); BORDER-RIGHT: windowtext 1pt solid">
<P><SPAN><FONT size=4>噁心嘔吐</FONT></SPAN></P>
<P><SPAN><FONT size=4>便秘</FONT></SPAN></P>
<P><SPAN><FONT size=4>疲乏</FONT></SPAN></P>
<P><SPAN><FONT size=4>呼吸困難</FONT></SPAN></P></TD></TR>
<TR>
<TD style="BORDER-LEFT: windowtext 1pt solid; BACKGROUND-COLOR: transparent; BORDER-TOP-COLOR: rgb(212,208,200); BORDER-RIGHT: windowtext 1pt solid">
<P><SPAN><FONT size=4 face="Times New Roman">Dilaudid</FONT></SPAN></P></TD>
<TD style="BACKGROUND-COLOR: transparent; BORDER-TOP-COLOR: rgb(212,208,200); BORDER-LEFT-COLOR: rgb(212,208,200); BORDER-RIGHT: windowtext 1pt solid" colSpan=3>
<P><SPAN><FONT size=4 face="Times New Roman">Hydromorphine HCl</FONT></SPAN></P></TD>
<TD style="BACKGROUND-COLOR: transparent; BORDER-TOP-COLOR: rgb(212,208,200); BORDER-LEFT-COLOR: rgb(212,208,200); BORDER-RIGHT: windowtext 1pt solid" colSpan=2>
<P><SPAN><FONT size=4>慢性疼痛</FONT></SPAN></P></TD>
<TD style="BACKGROUND-COLOR: transparent; BORDER-TOP-COLOR: rgb(212,208,200); BORDER-LEFT-COLOR: rgb(212,208,200); BORDER-RIGHT: windowtext 1pt solid">
<P><SPAN><FONT size=4>噁心嘔吐</FONT></SPAN></P>
<P><SPAN><FONT size=4>便秘</FONT></SPAN></P>
<P><SPAN><FONT size=4>疲乏</FONT></SPAN></P>
<P><SPAN><FONT size=4>呼吸困難</FONT></SPAN></P></TD></TR>
<TR>
<TD style="BORDER-LEFT: windowtext 1pt solid; BACKGROUND-COLOR: transparent; BORDER-TOP-COLOR: rgb(212,208,200); BORDER-RIGHT: windowtext 1pt solid">
<P><SPAN><FONT size=4 face="Times New Roman">MS Contin</FONT></SPAN></P></TD>
<TD style="BACKGROUND-COLOR: transparent; BORDER-TOP-COLOR: rgb(212,208,200); BORDER-LEFT-COLOR: rgb(212,208,200); BORDER-RIGHT: windowtext 1pt solid" colSpan=3>
<P><SPAN><FONT size=4 face="Times New Roman">Morphine Sulfate</FONT></SPAN></P></TD>
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<P><SPAN><FONT size=4>癌症引起的疼痛</FONT></SPAN></P>
<P><SPAN><FONT size=4>嚴重創傷</FONT></SPAN></P></TD>
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<P><SPAN><FONT size=4>上癮</FONT></SPAN></P>
<P><SPAN><FONT size=4>噁心嘔吐</FONT></SPAN></P>
<P><SPAN><FONT size=4>便秘</FONT></SPAN></P>
<P><SPAN><FONT size=4>呼吸困難</FONT></SPAN></P>
<P><SPAN><FONT size=4>痙攣</FONT></SPAN></P></TD></TR></TBODY></TABLE></P>
<P></STRONG><STRONG>&nbsp; </STRONG></P>
<P><BR><STRONG>&nbsp;引用:</STRONG><A href="http://tw.myblog.yahoo.com/free99-sky/article?mid=3709&amp;prev=3720&amp;next=3704&amp;l=f&amp;fid=17"><STRONG>http://tw.myblog.yahoo.com/free99-sky/article?mid=3709&amp;prev=3720&amp;next=3704&amp;l=f&amp;fid=17</STRONG></A></P>
<P><STRONG></STRONG>&nbsp;</P>
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